E.  D. Hardy, ?Family Pipunculidae (Dorilaidae)?, in A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico, vol. Agricultur, A.  Stone, Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. H., and Coulson, J. R., Eds. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1965, pp. 550-557.