N. L.  Evenhuis, Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Honolulu, Hawaii: Bishop Museum Press & E.J. Brill, 1989, p. 1155.

D. E.  Hardy, ?50. Family Pipunculidae?, in Catalogue of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanic Regions, vol. 86, N. L.  Evenhuis, Ed. Bishop Museum Press and E.G. Brill, 1989, pp. 433-436.