@article {1227,
	title = {A checklist of Finnish Diptera. II. Cyclorrhapha},
	journal = {Notulae Entomologicae},
	volume = {60},
	year = {1980},
	pages = {117-162},
	keywords = {checklist, Cyclorrhapha, Diptera, Finland, Pipunculidae},
	author = {Hackman, W.}
}
@article {1717,
	title = {Morphologische indizien f{\"u}r das unmittelbare schwestergruppenverh{\"a}ltnis der Schizophora mit den Syrphoidea ({\textquoteright}Aschiza{\textquoteright}) in der phylogenetischen systematik der Cyclorrhapha (Diptera: Brachycera). [Morphological evidence for the direct sister group  relation},
	journal = {Journal of Natural History},
	volume = {25},
	number = {6},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {1531-1570},
	address = {London},
	abstract = {The phylogenetic relationships of the Schizophora with the families of the Aschiza were investigated on the basis of synapomorphies. Depending on the family, the sensory epithelium of the retinae of the compound eyes of flies consists either of populations of 2 ommatidial elements or of uniform ommatidia: duotype and monotype, respectively. Within the Cyclorrhapha, the monotype occurs exclusively in the Schizophora and Syrphoidea (= Syrphidae + Pipunculidae), whereas the duotype occurs in the remaining Aschiza. These 2 types form a plesio-apomorphous pair: on the basis of character state analysis the duotype was regarded as plesiomorphous and the monotype proved to be a synapomorphy of the Schizophora and Syrphoidea. The retinal pair was accorded a high relevance as an indicator of the the phylogenetic relationships in Cyclorrhapha owing to its special morphology and the very low probability of a parallel development of the apomorphous monotype. In this paper, the hypothesis of W. Hennig (1976) that the dorsobasal arista on the antennal flagellum in the Schizophora and Syrphoidea is a synapomorphy compared to the original apical arista was confirmed on the basis of literature studies. The monophyly of these 2 groups together, and their sister group relationship, were demonstrated in an argumentation scheme. 3 alterations of the conventional systematics of the Cyclorrhapha were undertaken: (a) the term {\textquoteright}Eumuscomorpha{\textquoteright} is introduced to designate a new monophyletic taxon of the Schizophora and Syrphoidea. (b) The remaining groups of the Aschiza are temporarily subsumed in a {\textquoteright}superfamily Platypezoidea{\textquoteright} owing to their manifestation of complementary symplesiomorphous characteristics. Until its phylogenetic character (monophyly or paraphyly) is unequivocally clarified, it remains an {\textquoteright}artificial{\textquoteright} entity. (c) The term {\textquoteright}Aschiza{\textquoteright} is for a taxon of the genealogical system no longer applicable.},
	keywords = {Aschiza, Brachycera, comparative morphology, compound eye, Cyclorrhapha, Diptera, phylogenetic, phylogeny, Pipunculidae, relationship, retina, Schizophora, Syrphoidea, systematics, taxonomy},
	author = {Wada, S.}
}
@article {1718,
	title = {Morphologische regionale differenzierungen der retina und des facettenrasters vom komplexauge der Pipunculidae (Diptera : Cyclorrhapha): ein neuartiges retinales muster der fliegen (Brachycera). [Morphological differentiation of retinal regions of the com},
	journal = {International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology},
	volume = {20},
	number = {3},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {103-118},
	abstract = {The retinae of the compound eyes of several species of Pipunculidae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha), belonging to the subfamilies Chalarinae and Pipunculinae, were investigated in semithin sections in both sexes of the representative species. Whereas the boundary of the dorsal and ventral retinular cells in a mirror-image configuration is at the equator in the male, in the female it is situated in the anterior of the eye at the level of the upper frons, and is located above the equator only in the lateral region. In the frontal view, it constitutes a concave arch to frontofacial region. The facets of the corneal lenses are strikingly enlarged in the anterior region of the eyes, compared with those in the remainder of the eye in the female. This area with the large-faceted ommatidia, was determined in more detail in total views as well as in histological preparations and compared with the eye of the male. In the frontal region, the mirror-image boundary in the retina of the female coincides exactly with the boundary between the large-faceted central and small-faceted peripheral ommatidia. By examining the dichoptic eyes of the Chalarus male, it has been demonstrated that the arcuate mirror-image boundary in the retinae of females is not associated with their dichoptic eye position. This is an example of sexual dimorphism. The retinal pattern of the female described in this paper was not found in other 37 families of the flies investigated till now. This new type of the retina of the suborder Brachycera (including Cyclorrhapha) is to be subsumed under the synapomorphic ground plans of the Pipunculidae. At the same time, it proves to be an autapomorphic characteristic of the family.},
	keywords = {agricultural entomology, anatomy, compound eye, compound eyes, Cyclorrhapha, Diptera, gender difference, histology, mirror-image boundary, morphology, natural enemies, new type of retinal, parasitoids, Pipunculidae, retina, sense organs, sexual dimorphism},
	author = {Wada, S.}
}
@article {1719,
	title = {Svensk insekt-fauna. 11. Diptera. 2. Cyclorapha Aschiza. Fam. 2-4. (Pipunculidae, Phoridae, Platypezidae)},
	journal = {Entomologisk Tidskrift},
	volume = {31},
	year = {1910},
	note = {pg. 209-217 pertinent; pages 28-34??, (Zur Kenntnis schwedischer Dipteren. 2)?},
	pages = {209-235},
	keywords = {Aschiza, Cyclorrhapha, Diptera, Phoridae, Pipunculidae, Platypezidae},
	author = {Wahlgren, E.}
}
